LIBRARY RESEARCH PROCESS Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LIBRARY PROCESS - Research Paper Example A researcher should always start from the reference desk before starting researching on his topic. At the reference desk, the researcher should describe their research interests to the reference librarian based on the research questions a researcher had formulated as a guide in the project. A good researcher is always composed and sure of what they want to research on. This gives a reference librarian confidence to direct the person on the relevant steps and sources. The reference librarian will then direct the researcher to the library catalog where a researcher gathers several relevant materials on the research topic. With all that, the researcher now explores all the available materials that will assist in gathering relevant information on the research topic (Zemliansky, 2008). The exploration starts from browsing through the materials to see whether they contain information worth investigating on. Having gotten the materials, it is also part of best practice to ensure that the ma terials remain in good condition since another person may need them on a later date. Opportunity for consultation: When using brick-and-mortar library, a researcher is in a position to get first hand assistance on their research topic from experienced and trained reference librarians as compare to online research where one relies on the information gotten first (Peters, 2010). A researcher could be tempted to take the reference librarian’s direction as final without giving it further thoughts on exploration. This is risky since it might end up changing the researcher’s original idea of the project. They are inconveniencing especially when a given source is not available in the library. Usually it takes a lot of time for an interlibrary loan since protocols and procedures have to be followed before the material is availed to the researcher. Schultz, A. (2009). Digitalization and the Library: The End of Libraries as Physical Place? Redoable Lite Dean J Robinson. Retrieved

Discussion 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion 3 - Assignment Example In medieval art, the work was two dimensional, color was not widely in use and the sense of movement and emotion were not shown. In Renaissance art on the other hand, attention was on the beauty of the portrait as opposed to medieval art where attention was on the image. In Renaissance art, bodies were either nude or covered. These paintings were symmetrical while in mediaeval art, paintings were asymmetrical. The Early Renaissance period began in the years 1400-1479 A.D. in Italy. Italy then was characterized by a stable economy and hence rivalry between the city states (Glyn and Kennedy, p 27). The competition to construct a bronze door for the Baptistery of Florence Cathedral can be said as the foundation of the early Rennaisance.This completion attracted Brunelleschi, Donattelli and Ghiberti. They are the pioneers of early renaissance art and Brunnelli made the dome of the cathedral sculptor. He used natural aspects of nature itself while Donattelli works took a humanistic approach by creating erotic scenes, like, the sculptor of David. All this are elements of renaissance art. High Renaissance period emerged shortly after early renaissance in 1480 A.D. The aim of artists then, was to achieve harmony and balance in using the elements of early renaissance such as light, atmospheric perspective, anatomy and color. Use of oil as a media of painting was the norm and pioneers of this art are among others Leonardo Da Vinci (Glyn and Kennedy, p 40). Donatello, an Italian artist made a sculpture called the stature of Mark. The Stature is a full scale nude sculpture draped with clay and soaked with linen which covers it. The Sculpture portrays a religious belief because the stature holds a bible. Christianity is shown as a major concern of the early Italian renaissance. Another work is by German artist, Mathias Grunewald who drew a painting known as

Sixth Sense Technology Essay Example for Free

Sixth Sense Technology Essay As human beings we are most concerned about physical and digital information. We are growing up with the physical objects around us. We are really fond of interacting with physical objects instead of computing devices. Sixth Sense Technology is a mini-projector coupled with a camera and a cell phone which acts as the computer and connected to the Cloud, all the information stored on the web [4]. Before implementing the sixth sense technology the inventor tried to combine the physical world to digital world creating a gesture interface device that actually acts as a motion sensing device. The basic idea behind this is always objects are connected with gestures that are used to interact with both objects and each other. The first thought was basically regarding taking part of the physical world to the digital world by implementing things like sticky notes coming to a sms or a meeting reminder, writing query connected with paper input output system, pen can draws 3D images and Google map without searching key words. Thus computing became so intuitive. The goal was to connect these two worlds in the first. However we know that people don’t like computing [4]. The reverse operation of previously mentioned concept that is taking digital world to physical world occurred due to the reason human is really interested about information. They want to know about things, basically about the dynamic things going around them. The technology is called as sixth sense technology since it is out of our familiar five senses. This technology is based on wearable gestural user friendly interface which links the physical world around us with digital information and uses hand gestures to interact with them. Thus this becomes a vital issue since people get more aware about their day to day information and this technology provides you a way to carry your digital world always with you wherever you go. Sometime ago these things were amazing and nowadays with this technology people’s lives have become more convenient and informative. By this I’m thrilled to research about the way of connecting two worlds, the technology behind sixth sense and what are the uses of this and further improvements since I’m fond of finding ways of interacting with world of information. . Background and motivation The physical world is set to blur into the digital with the invention of a new ‘sixth sense’ device. This is specifically designed with mobility in mind. And if this new prototype manages to see the commercial light of day, it could hold the potential to become the preferred option for multi-touch devices worldwide. The genius behind this technology, Pranav Mistry says i t’s all about integrating the virtual world with reality and it can really let you connect as a sixth sense device with whatever is in front of you. I’m really enthusiastic in this research area of sixth sense technology since I’m searching for a way to interact with these two worlds and information out of the scope which is always with regard to our five senses. On the other hand it’s an amazing idea to carry our digital world with us where ever we go. This is a wearable gestural interface. We are all human beings. As you I’m always keen on making aware of dynamic information. Imagine that we can experience a live discussion while reading a news paper and we can dial a number on our palm and make a call. We can use any surface to modify our information. Therefore we can pinch many physical things to our digital world. I was so motivated to this technology since it will help us to take better decisions about day to day lives by using instant dynamically changed information. It makes our task effective and efficient. Before the arrival of sixth sense technology the inventor implemented a way to connect part of physical world to digital world. What we are doing physically is replicated in digital world. I’m so interested in learning about that area since it was the approach for the concept of sixth sense technology. And this technology is open source. If we are interested in this we can make our own sensing device. Still some of the testings are done on to make this more advanced. The concept is always with regard of connecting these two worlds. 3. The thrilling potential of sixth sense technology Sixth sense is a wearable gestural interface device that augments the physical world with digital information and lets people use natural hand gestures to interact with that information. The prototype implements several applications that demonstrate the usefulness, viability and flexibility of the system like map application, the drawing application and freehand gestures (postures). The device is comprised of a pocket projector, a mirror, a camera, mobile component and colored markers. This is basically for carrying digital world to the every day physical life. We know that people are really interested to use objects , gestures they are familiar instead of sitting in front of a machine and computing devices. Firstly the researches were carried for taking the physical objects to the digital world. These experiments are done by Pranav Mistry and his group in MIT. We know that when we talk about objects the gestures automatically connected with them. So this was his first thought and implementation. Then he thought about reverse operation since people always need information. You can carry digital information source with you. This device recognizes the objects around us displaying information automatically and letting us to access it in any way we need. The technology allows the user to draw icons or symbols in the air using the movement of the index finger and recognizes the symbols as interaction instructions.

Strategic Management: Business Level and Function Level

Strategic Management: Business Level and Function Level Strategic management deals with important and main initiatives taken by managers on behalf of owners. These initiatives involve resource utilisation so that performance of their firms is enhanced in external environment. Organizations vision, mission and objectives are specified by strategic management. Not only this but also developing plans and policies for organization, projects and programs that are due to fulfill these objectives and also allocating proper resources to implement plan, project, programs and policies is also tasks of strategic management. To evaluate the whole performance of the business and its growth towards objectives, a balanced scorecard is frequently used. Strategy needs to initiate with stakeholders expectations and use a customized balanced scorecard which takes in all stakeholders are also stated by latest studies and foremost management theorists. Strategic management is nothing but a level of managerial activity that is responsible for setting goals and all the necessary strategies. Providing the overall direction toward which the business or the organization vision to move forward is also the responsibility of strategic management. According to Gary Hamel and Michael Porter, the role of strategic management is to figure out the core competencies, and then bring together a set of assets that will offer a competitive advantage and increase value added. It is also stated that to make it happen innovation, organizational structure and reputation, these 3 types of capabilities are essential. Enterprise strategy has its own three levels. It is formulated and implanted in these three levels. These levels are: Corporate level, Business unit level, Functional or departmental level. At the business stage, people are accountable for creating value through their businesses. People do so by managing their portfolio of businesses, which ensures that businesses are winning over the long term, rising business units, and from time to time ensuring that every business is well-matched with others in their portfolio. Business units are the core of product or service development. Products and services are developed by business units. The role of the corporation is to manage its business units, products and services so that each is competitive and so that each contributes to company purposes. Corporate level strategy basically is alarmed with choice of businesses in which company should struggle and with development and harmonization of that portfolio of businesses. Strategies: Corporate level strategy is concerned with: Defining the issues that are corporate everyday jobs. These might include identifying the on the whole vision, mission, and goals of the company, the type of business firm should be concerned, and the way in which businesses will be integrated and managed. Its known as Reach. Defining where in firm competition is to be limited to a small area. Its nothing but Competitive Contact. Business strategy seeks to develop synergies by sharing and bringing together employees and other assets across company units, investing monetary possessions across business units, and using trade units to harmonize other commercial business activities, its Managing Activities and Business Interrelationships. Corporations make a decision, how business units are to be governed: through direct corporate intervention (centralization) or through independent government (decentralization). And it is Management Practices. Business Unit Level Strategy A tactical industry unit may be any profit center that can be designed separately from the other business units of business. At the business unit level, the planned issues are about both realistic management of operating units and about developing and at the bottom of a competitive advantage for the products and services that are produced. Functional Level Strategy The functional level of your organization is the level of the operating divisions and departments. The strategic issues at the functional level are related to functional business processes and value chain. Functional level strategies in RD, operations, manufacturing, marketing, finance, and human resources involve the development and coordination of resources through which business unit level strategies can be executed effectively and efficiently. Functional units of your organization are involved in higher level strategies by providing input into the business unit level and corporate level strategy, such as providing information on customer feedback or on resources and capabilities on which the higher level strategies can be based. Once the higher level strategy or strategic intent is developed, the functional units translate them into discrete action plans that each department or division must accomplish for the strategy to succeed. Whittingtons and Mintzbergs strategy concepts: Now, to perform well, some strategy models are really important. Not necessarily all models are quite good or updated with modern business but they do influence either internal or external or both environments. But to treat an organization properly managers have to think it as a whole being. Measuring different parts can lead to misjudgment and further situation where loss can occur. As Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel stated, the story of blind men is not new to anyone. To them different parts of the elephant felt totally different. As, one felt the leg as a tree, other one felt the trunk as a big snake. But they got a wrong perception coz they were blind and with touch they only could perceive limited parts. But managers of organizations are not blinds; moreover they are very conscious for everything. But the developed models that are already in market is limited to different parts of the organization. If those models are not updated according to recent times, it would be not only h ard to use them but also less profitable. Now if we consider mintzbergs comparative analysis of ten schools, the n we need to know first about the schools. There are total ten schools, The Design School, The Planning School, The Positioning School, The Entrepreneurial School, The Cognitive School, The Learning School, The Power School, The Cultural School, The Environmental School, and The Configuration School. These schools focus on different aspects of the total business reminding managers that one part remains untreated and the business can fall very quickly. Mintzberg thought of strategic planning thoroughly but he was unable to come to one point. So he drove more deep and then he found out that there may not be only one strategic planning while so many people are using it too differently to match. So, he concluded that there is no one strategy there is five types of strategies. These are listed as: Strategy as plan, Strategy as ploy, Strategy as pattern, Strategy as position, S trategy as perspective. These five types of strategies were actually developed in process of 10 schools of thoughts which are already given above. These ten schools were grouped into three categories. It goes like this prescriptive or normative (informal design and conception school, the formal planning school, and the analytical positioning school), 2nd group (entrepreneurial, visionary, or great leader school, the cognitive or mental process school, the learning, adaptive, or emergent process school, the power or negotiation school, the corporate culture or collective process school, and the business environment or reactive school) it mainly focuses on how strategic management is actually performed rather than how its hypothesized as to be done. The 3rd group (the configuration or transformation school), its more like a hybrid of other schools. According to Mintzberg, strategies are less theoretical and more practical and thats why its more dynamic and flexible than management per ceives it. In 2001, Whittington, categorized the strategy concept in four approaches: Classic approach, evolutionary approach, process approach, systemic approach. There is nothing more to describe about these approaches but what is important that Whittington himself put an end to his perspectives like elaborating strategy is hard enough and there is no one or another way. But when it comes to real life, implication and performance is well influenced by each of these approaches. So we can say that each of these approaches has a place in reality. Strategic management is also not above limitations. When it comes to hard situation that demand instant act, fluidity is much appreciable than rigid methods or direction to do the work. It not only make the performance non-innovative but sometimes it also pay by loosing many opportunities. It also ends up defining the organization narrowly. Now, if it comes to strategic theories, its always not so dependable. Modern business is so dynamic that one or two theories cant possibly cover all the fact or parts equally. It covers some parts but not full. But if we think a business as a being, we cant possibly look at only one or two parts; we have to look for the whole thing. A part or parts may lead to many misconceptions, when the full views can give totally a different view. As a matter of fact like theorists there is more to say about limitation. Gary Hamel in 2000 coined the name strategic convergence to give details of the incomplete range of the strategies being used by competitors very much differing circumstances. He mourned that strategies converge further than they should, because the more flourishing ones are mimicked by businesses that do not recognize that the strategic process involves scheming a modified strategy for the particulars of each circumstances. Ram Charan, arranging in a line with a admired marketing tagline, considers that strategic planning must not lead action. Just do it!, whereas not quite what he intended to mean, is a phrase that on the other hand comes to mind when fighting analysis paralysis. In the real world in which strategies have to be put into practice, the three fundamentals are mutually dependent. Means are as likely to determine ends as ends are to determine means. The objectives that an organization might wish to follow may be limited by the lack of feasible approaches available out. There is typically only a little number of approaches that will not only be technically and administratively achievable, but also acceptable to the full collection of organizational stakeholders. In turn, the choice of feasible implementation approaches is determined by the accessibility of resources. Conclusion: Till now all the factors, analysis, theories has been collected, its quite clear that strategic management is not as much powerful as it seems in theories or when someone is describing it. After all nothing can be in ceteris paribus when its the real business world we are talking about. So, why it has to be different than journals if one might say, its obviously has to be different coz the journal cant be updated in every second but unfortunately the world is changing, creating new opportunities and threats in every second. So many things are happening in one second that its quite unimaginable. So itll be quite awkward and foolish to think that itll be always like as it is said in case of strategic management after all strategic management is not so different than other theories or conceptual works. It must to have its own lacking. Dynamic business world demands process that can be changed so easily that one might be able not to pay the price for time limit. As time restriction is so terrifying that one moment one have an opportunity to grasp the next moment its taken by someone else. So if there is no much flexibility, opportunities are going to be lost in the depth of abyss. So, this statement Strategic Planning makes little or no contribution to the firms prosperity in todays turbulent environment, may not be so wrong a statement if we really consider all of the scenes. At the end its the full matter of means and end. Ways that allow the means to meet the ends is suitable for the dynamic world whether it is so called theories or something new.

Education in Victorian England Essay -- European Europe History

Education in Victorian England Monitorial System In the Monitorial System, there was no direct instruction from the teacher. This was, in fact, one of its greatest selling points in the late 1700's; it was incredibly economical. There could be as many as 500 students under one teacher. The teacher selected a few older students(10-12 years old) to act as monitors who, in turn, were responsible for instructing small groups of students, the teacher acting as supervisor, examiner, and disciplinarian. Work was minutely subdivided and learned by repetition. When a group had learned one subdivision of information, they were tested by the teacher before passing on to the next section. There was a complicated system of promotion and censure, both within the small groups and between groups. Unusual successes or lapses were rewarded with small honors or humiliations: laps of honor" around the school by those to be promoted, rewards of half-pences, dunce's caps, and signs worn around the necks of offenders. The punishment for offenses such as swearing, lying, tardiness, coming to school dirty, skipping school, being absent from church, or being otherwise disobedient, included confinement in a closet, being handcuffed behind the back, being washed in front of the whole school, or expulsion.(Lawson/Silver 243) Its factory-like method of dispensing information might appear to be well suited for the Victorian era, but because the Monitorial system equated the acquisition of facts with knowledge, and made no allowance for individual rates or styles of learning, its use was in decline by the 1830's. Â   Elementary Education Act of 1870 From 1780 to 1870, all elementary schools were "voluntary," that is, they were established... ... --- . North and South. London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1986. Lawson, John and Harold Silver. A Social History of Education in England. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1973. Ley, J.W.T. "The government Education Bill: Dickens's view on Some of Its Points." The Dickensian 11.5 (May 1906) 123-125. Mangnall, Richmal. Historical and Miscellaneous Questions. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1848. Morrison, Arthur. A Child of the Jago. Chicago: Academy Chicago Publishers, 1995. Pool, Daniel. What Jane Austen Ate and Charles Dickens Knew. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993. Roach, John. A History of Secondary Education in England 1800-1870. London: Longman Group UK Limited, 1986. Thackeray, William. Vanity Fair. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books Ltd .,1968. Wardle, David. English Popular Education 1780-1975. London: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

Objectivism And Batailleist Powerful Communication :: essays research papers

1. Fellini and textual theory "Sexuality is a legal fiction," says Lacan; however, according to Hanfkopf[1] , it is not so much sexuality that is a legal fiction, but rather the rubicon, and subsequent collapse, of sexuality. Foucault uses the term 'Batailleist `powerful communication'' to denote not narrative, but postnarrative. Thus, the subject is interpolated into a textual theory that includes reality as a whole. The primary theme of the works of Fellini is the role of the poet as reader. Neoconstructive desituationism holds that expression comes from communication, given that Lacan's essay on objectivism is valid. But if Batailleist `powerful communication' holds, we have to choose between structuralist rationalism and postmodern textual theory. If one examines objectivism, one is faced with a choice: either accept Batailleist `powerful communication' or conclude that art is part of the dialectic of reality. Debord uses the term 'textual theory' to denote the meaninglessness, and hence the rubicon, of prematerial class. However, Baudrillard promotes the use of objectivism to read sexual identity. Derrida uses the term 'modernist theory' to denote the common ground between truth and class. Thus, Sontag suggests the use of Batailleist `powerful communication' to deconstruct sexism. The subject is contextualised into a objectivism that includes art as a reality. But Baudrillard promotes the use of the postcultural paradigm of narrative to attack and read sexual identity. The subject is interpolated into a objectivism that includes language as a paradox. In a sense, Batailleist `powerful communication' suggests that culture may be used to entrench outdated, elitist perceptions of class, but only if truth is interchangeable with consciousness. The subject is contextualised into a textual theory that includes reality as a totality. Therefore, many discourses concerning objectivism may be revealed. 2. Batailleist `powerful communication' and capitalist socialism "Society is intrinsically used in the service of capitalism," says Marx; however, according to de Selby[2] , it is not so much society that is intrinsically used in the service of capitalism, but rather the stasis, and some would say the economy, of society. Lyotard's analysis of capitalist socialism states that the collective is part of the futility of sexuality. It could be said that the example of objectivism prevalent in Fellini's 8 1/2 is also evident in Amarcord, although in a more self-sufficient sense. The subject is interpolated into a Batailleist `powerful communication' that includes truth as a paradox. In a sense, Sartre uses the term 'objectivism' to denote the collapse of neocultural culture.

Different Definitions of Good Health

In this section I would be focusing on the ways people interpret health and welfare. Health is defined differently by individual, communities and countries, these ways may be defined either positive or negative. The World Health Organisation The World Health Organisation (WHO) had defined health in being â€Å"a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† This definition is a negative approach to health because the definition is vague and can categorised everyone as being unhealthy. In my opinion I find the WHO definition in being unrealistic and unachievable because the definition states, â€Å"absence of disease or infirmity.† As human being we all have one point in our health had gotten the flu. The WHO excluding ‘disease’ and ‘infirmity’ would classify us all as being unhealthy. Another reason why I disagree with this definition is that someone with a disease or illness can maintain a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being. For example, a patient with diabetes would still be in a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being. Not everyone with a disease or illness would lose their complete state of physical, mental and social well-being. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RvGXLF3uxd0C&pg=PA41&lpg=PA41&dq=seedhouse+health+a+commodity&source=bl&ots=f4etwSpSrA&sig=m9CREsjnSqFb0QcahH_mhwPlNO8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0IMyVM2eG87PaLeigZAI#v=onepage&q=seedhouse%20health%20a%20commodity&f=false (accessed on 09/10/2015) http://www.bmj.com/content/343/bmj.d4163 (accessed on 09/10/2015) David Seedhouse 2009 David Seedhouse described health and welfare being an â€Å"equivalent to the set of conditions that enable a person to work to fulfil his/her realistic chosen and biological potential†. The definition is positive approach to health because Seedhouse states â€Å"work to fulfil his/her realistic chosen and biological potential.† This would give us the idea that health is a normal process and illnesses can occur without our will. There are a majority of individuals unfortunately that inherit diseases that may have incredible result on how they carry on with their ordinary life. For example a person with a hearing or visual impairment may fulfil his/her potential in exam within the physical constraints would not be considered unhealthy because the person may not hear or see very well. Although Seedhouse definition is vague, I agree with the concept of it; healthier people are more able to do what they desire because they have fewer constraints. The constraints can be psychological, biological or social. A biological constraint can be our organs, cells or tissues. Whilst a psychological constraint can be emotions, cognitions and motivation. A social constraint is our family, friends, community and society. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/health/defining-what-health-is.php#ixzz3o61QlKFV (accessed on 09/10/2015) http://www.moteclife.co.uk/docs/Education/Concept%20of%20Health.pdf (accessed on 09/10/2015) http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org/content/13/1/87.full.pdf (accessed on 09/10/2015) Channel 4 Channel 4 defines health in three ways; negative, positive and holistic. According to Channel 4 the negative definition of health is â€Å"free from illness, upset, tiredness, or anything else that might be a symptom of not being in good health.† This isn’t an accurate definition for health in my opinion because if you are upset doesn’t mean you are not in â€Å"good health.† Majority of people are upset for a short period of time, so stating that being upset, which is an emotion, as bad health is not truthful. Benedict Carey had stated that tears are good for reducing our stress levels, removes toxins, kills bacteria, releases our feelings and surprisingly helps us see. This further proves that being upset is good for our health. Positive health is defined by Channel 4 as someone informing another person â€Å"who has recently taken up a sport and say: ‘you look very healthy’. This definition demonstrates the effectiveness of taking up a spo rt because of the words â€Å"very healthy† helps draw that picture. Read also Six Dimensions of Health Worksheet I would agree with this definition for health because exercising benefits us and improves our health. This is because in situation where someone would need to run or defend themselves, it would be essential to exercise. Taking up a sport would also benefit a person emotionally and socially because team work can increase social circle, have more friends, and emotionally can lower stress level. Channel 4 defines holistic as being â€Å"physically very fit and free from illness, they could still have emotional problems.† This meaning that in order to be healthy you would need to be ‘physically fit’ and have no illnesses, such as the flu or diabetes. I agree with that you would need to be physically fit because exercising or taking up a sport would help strengthen the body and lower the risk of diseases, such as coronary heart disease and cancer. http://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/beyondblue/2011/02/7-ways-tears-and-crying-heal.html (accessed on 09/10/2015) http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/fitness/Pages/Whybeactive.aspx (accessed on 09/10/2015) http://www.channel4learning.com/sites/gcsease/health_social/2_1_detail.html (accessed on 09/10/2015) Medical News Today Medical News Today (MNT) had defined health in two aspect; mental health and physical health. According to MNT mental health â€Å"refers to the absence of mental illness.† Although the definition is vague, it still is a positive definition of health because it defines mental health in being without a disorder. If someone can cope with the usual stresses of life, they can work efficiently and productively and is able to support their community means they have good mental health. An example would be a student coping with exams. MNT also defines physical health in a positive way because the definition states that physical health is the â€Å"regular physical activity (exercise), good nutrition, and adequate rest.† I agree with the definition because nutrition, rest and exercise is essential for good health. If someone doesn’t eat a balance diet, they are more likely to be malnourished. Regular exercise is important since it benefits people socially, mentally and physical. In this case our body would be healthier and stronger. An adequate rest is essential for work effort because the correct hours of sleep would result on better work effort. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150999.php (accessed on 09/10/2015) Culture Health The word culture is associated with the norms and values that are shared in a particular group or society. These norms and values can shape our views on what is acceptable and what is not. For example; Somalia culture forbids people from drinking alcohol, whilst it is seen perfectly alright in Czech Republic to drink an excessive amount of alcohol. This is negative definition of health because of the affect alcohol has on a person’s physical, emotional and social development. There has been research to show that the ethnic minority groups in Britain experience disadvantages and discrimination when receiving treatment in a healthcare setting, such as hospitals. They would experience poorer health, which would reduce their health expectancy and have more of a risk in long-term health problems, such as sickle cell. The government had set up health campaigns, like Change 4 Life, which aims to tackle obesity in households with children. However, the information presented in health campaigns has a lack of knowledge and understandings for other cultures.